Structural section



Oct. 30, 1934. B, NovAMBERE STRUCTURAL SECTION Filed Feb. 11, 1935 NVENTOR I Nam/mere Bang/ d ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 30,

UNITED STATES.

PATENT-OFFICE I The. invention is a section of building material .that may be used for walls, ceilings, floors, partitions of a building-structure, or of any container, vehicle or other object and is constructed with a surfacing material at each side and insulating web thru which there is'no direct contact between the surfacing material at the sides and, preferably, air spaces at the sides of the insulating web. It is preferred to make the surfacing materials of artificial stone, or similar material, and absolutely seal the joints so that no moisture whatever will penetrate to'the, interior of the structure and also so that no vermin whatever ma gain access thereto. Y

The'object of the invention is to provide a method of constructing a building wall, or similar surface, so that the section thereof may be used as' a standard and readily applied by changing the parts to walls, ceilings, floors, partitions 3 or the like.

Another objectis to provide a method of formv ing a wall section which will materially reduc .the cost of buildings in which the section is used.

Another object is to provide a method of formmg a wall section which will reducethe costof material in a building in which the section is used and also the labor in constructing the building.

Another. object is to provide a wall section that may be used universally in buildings of all types which will materiallyreduce the time required to construct buildings.

Anotherzobiect is to provide a universal wall section that will not deteriorate so that the life of a building constructed with such sections is in'-' definite. V

Another object is to provide awall section that may be used universally which is so constructed that a building .in which it is used will be absolutely fireproof.

' Another object is'to provide auniversal wall section which is formed of such a material and in such a manner that there will be nov cracks,

holes or air openings of -any description inra' wall due to settling of foundations, warping or other distortions dueto atmospheric conditions. Another object is to provide a wall section 'ln which a wall in which the section is used is soundproof.

Another object is-to provides. wall section that may be used universally for exterior and interlor walls which is imperviousto moisture, vermin orthe like. a

A still further object is to provide awall sec- 'tion that may be used universally for interior and g exterior walls in which different kinds ofsurfae- .in connection with the drawing, wherein:-

4 Claims. (01. 72-16) ing material may be used to produce different terial and surfacing materials, and supporting struts also between the said surfacing material and insulating material.

Other features andadvantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken Figure 1 is a view showinga typical section of a' wall.

t Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the section shown in Figure 1, showing channels used as the structural elements.

Figure 3 is a similar section showing corrugated metal used between the insulating matef rial and surfacing material. a

Figure 4 is a section similar to that shown in Figure 2 in which one of the sections is omitted. Figure 5 is a section thru the wall shown in Figure 1 showing U-shaped clips for holding the structural elements to the insulating material.

Figure 6 is a cross section similar to that shown in Figure ;5 showing a method of holding the wall surface to the str tural elements.

Figure '1 is a section s ar to that shown in Figure 2 in which the frame and' surfacing materials are of wood.

In the drawing thesection is shown as it may be made wherein numeral 1 indicates an insulating web, numeral 2 a structural frame that may be placed on each side of the web, and numerals 3 and 4 surfacing material that may be placed on the inside-and outside of the wall.

The inner insulating web l'may be made of cork, rock wool, asbestos, or any other-insulating material and may be of any thickness as may be desired for. walls of ditferent types. The insulating web forms a continuous pad that extends thru the entire width and height of the wall and contactsthe surface or parts ofan adjoining wall, ceiling or floor. This web may be provided as a continuous unit, or in sections, or in any shape or form, and the sections may be secured together or formed in any manner. This insulating web may be used in combination with metal,

in any manner. 'It is desired to provide the wall surfaces of such material that they are impervious to moisture so that moisture will not penetrate thru and into the insulating material.

The framework 2 may be made of steel channels with some positioned in one direction and some in another, as shown in Figure l, and these channels may be of any size, type or description or may be replaced by other metal shapes, or with corrugated sheets of material 5, as shown in Figure 3, or by material of any other shape or description. These members may be freely positioned between the web 1 and the wall surfaces 3 and 4 or may be held to the web or wall surfaces, or to both in any manner and by any means. One method of holding some of the structural membersagainst the insulating web 1 is shown in Figure 5 in which a U clamp 6 is provided which is placed over the web 1 and over the back 7 and 8 of two corresponding channels, and the wall surfaces may be held to the channels by reversing the position of the channels and bolting the slabs 4 to the backs of the channels by bolts 9, with the heads of the bolts recessed in the slab 4 in openings 10 as shown in Figure 6. These openings may be covered by continuous strips 11 forming a bead or molding at the upper edge of the walls. It will be understood that anyiother means may be used for holding the structural shapes to the insulating web and for holding the surfacing material to the structural shapes, and it will also be understood that the holding means may be omitted and the shapes cemented directly to the insulating web with the wall surfaces cementedto the structural members. These may also be held in any other manner or by any other means. In normal building the lower end of these members may be held by locating them in the concrete of the floor or by grouting around the members and the upper ends may be held by the ceiling and, as the structural elements and also the wall surfaces are of sufficient strength to be self-sustaining, they will be self-supporting between the floor and ceiling so that intermediate connections or attaching means will not-be necessary.

The structural members shown in Figure 2 are positioned opposite to those shown in Figure 1 and 'it will be understood that these members may be positioned in any manner and may be spaced as often as may be desired to form a wall of any type or description, or to give any desired strength to the wall. They may also be formed, as shown in Figure 3, and the same means which is shown in Figures 5 and 6 for holding the wall together may be used with the corrugated members, as shown in Figure 3, or these members may be cemented to the web 1 and to the wall surfaces 3 and 4.

The structural elements between theinsulating web and wall surfaces are formed of such shapes and designs as will provide ,natural air spaces between the insulating material and wall surfaces and these air spaces will be absolutely sealed by.

cementing the edges of the sections of the wall surfacing material together and to the floor and ceiling. 4

In the design shown in Figure 4 the wall is similar to that-shown in Figures 1 and 2 except that the structural elements and air spaces on one side of the wall are omitted and it will be understood that whereas this section of wall may not have the same amount of efliciency as a wall of the design shown in Figure 2, it will be less expensive and may be used for certain types of buildings.

It does prov de a insulatins W structural elements, natural air spaces and wall surfaces at both sides so that the entire combination is present in this arrangement and a comparatively efllcient wall may be obtained thereby. It will also be understood that the relative positions of the wall surfacing materials 3 and 4 may be reversed so that the thin slab may be placed against the structural elements and air spaces and the thicker slab against the insulating material, and it will also be understood that any other combination of these sections or materials may be used to form walls of any other type or description. The insulating Web, structural frame, natural air spaces and wall surfacing materials may be provided in any other design and arranged in any other combination to form the section of a wall, ceiling, floor, partition orthe like.

In the section shown in Figure '7 an insulating web 21 is shown with wood framework 22 and 23 at the sides and wood sheathing or surfacing 24 and 25 on the outside of the framework, and it will be understood that wood may be used to form the framework in combination with the insulating web, and any material desired may be used as the wall surfacing material on the outside of the wood framework and the wood framework may be nailed to the cork, as indicated by nails 26, and the surfacing material may be nailed to the; framework by nails 27. The nails may be alternated so that the nails from the framework to the cork do not engage the nails of the surfacing material. Altho nails are specified it will be understood that screws or any fastening devices may be used. These members may also be cemented similar to the members shown in Figures 1 and 2 and the fastening means omitted.-

It will, therefore, be understood that this section of wall may be any combination of an insulating web with wall surfacing materials at the sides and means may be provided for obtaining air spaces 28 between the web ,and surfacing materials, and framework of any type or description may be used in combination therewith or between the web and surfacing materials and this may be of any material or materials and the parts may be held thereto or together by any means or in any manner.

It will be understoodthat other changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. One of which changes may be in the use of any other means for providing a continuous insulating member in the walls, ceiling, or floor of a building, or thelike, another may be in the use of other means for forming air spaces between an insulating member and wall surfacing materials, and still another may be in the use of other means The construction will be readily understood from the foregoing description. In usea wall of this type may be constructed in sections in the shop, the sections shipped to the job, and a building readily assembled in the field by using the sections and securing them together in any manner and by any means. It will be noted that by using standard sections of this type an entire building may be laid out and cut to shape in the shop and readily assembled or constructed'ifi'the field'in a very short time and with very little expense so that the labor cost of constructing a building of this type is comparatively low. Different types of. sections may be used for outside walls, partitions, ceilings and floors and the walls may be of different thicknesses, the mater iils therein may be of different thicknesses, and pa s thereofmay I be omitted. It will, therefore, be noted that this wall section may be used universally and entire buildings may be constructed thereof at a very low'cost and in a comparatively short period of time, and also that buildings constructed of these sections will be far superior in many respects to frame or steel buildings, or any buildings constructed up to the present time.

this may be supplied in comparatively thin slabs i for the inside of the wall and comparatively thick slabs for the outside, however, the thicknesses of slabs is immaterial, as any thickness may be used to accomplish any result desired. These slabs of artificial stone may be provided of any size and the edges may be cemented together or to the floor and ceiling so that absolutely sealed joints are provided. This material is absolutely impervious' to moisture, is fireproof, weatherproof, lightning proof and, when properly sealed, vermin proof. As it provides an absolutely sealed structure and is absolutely insulated, it is sound proof and is not subject to changes in temperature so that the building will require less fuel in winter and will be comparatively cool in summer. This material also does not require painting and absolutely will not crack, sweat, warp or shrink, and will not deteriorate with age. While itis not necessary to paint the artificial stone, it may be painted any desired color and the interior may be tinted similar to plaster, plaster board or composition interior walls.

Altho it is preferred to use artificial stone as the wall surfacing material, it will also be understood that any stone, brick, stucco, concrete or wood, or any other material may be used.

The artificial stone, or surfacing material may be provided in continuous slabs, or slabs thereof joints at the channels or vertical members with the joint midway of the channel, and the insulating member 1 should not be joined at the same point. It is preferred to provide the insulating member continuous, however, if it is necessary to make joints therein they should not be at the same point at which the surfacing slabs are joined, but at some other point; thereby providing overlapping or interlocking joints and not direct joints thru the wall. It will be understood that joints may be formed in the wall sections in any other manner or by anyother means.

. Having thus fully described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: I

1. A structural unit comprising a thick central core of insulating material, weight supporting members of structural metal at spaced intervals along the core attached at each side thereof, and facing slabs of artificial masonryattached to said supporting members at each side of the unit providing air spaces between the core and the facing slabs.

2. A structural unit comprising a thick interior core of insulating material, structural steel channel load supporting members along the core attached at each side thereof, and facing slabs attached to said supporting members at each side of the unit providing air spaces between the core and the facing slabs.

3. A structural unit as described in claim 2, in which the channels are alternately positioned with the backs of one set attached to the core, and the backs of the other set attached to the facing slabs.

- a 4. A structural unit comprising a comparatively thick continuous central cork core forming an insulating slab, weight supporting members of structural shapes positioned along the core and attached at each side thereof, facing slabs of artificial masonry attached to said supporting mem- -bers at each side of the unit providing air spaces between the core and the facing slabs.

BERNARD NOVAMBERE. 

